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Both TIPS and Series I Bonds are adjusted for inflation, offering a real rate and an inflation adjustment. The inflation adjustment is the same on both securities, but the real portion of the interest rate on TIPS is generally much higher. Despite I Bonds' less attractive real rate, they have several features that add to their value. They may be redeemed before maturity, at par value plus accrued interest, eliminating price risk. In addition, taxes may be deferred until redemption. We estimate the value of these two features, and find that they are substantial and could potentially offset the lower real rate of I Bonds.
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In Switzerland, the existence of a mandatory minimum par value inhibited many companies from splitting their stocks as they already traded at their minimum par value. These Swiss companies could split their stocks only after the legal minimum par value was lowered in July 1992 and again in May 2001. These two events provide rare opportunities to distinguish between stock splits that signal a permanent increase in stock price and splits that are merely a reaction to a regulatory change and thus have other motives. The significant return differences between the two samples are in line with the hypothesis that splits are a means to send positive signals to the stock market. Furthermore, while trading volumes remained largely unaffected after stock splits, relative tick sizes generally incr...
