We address the problem of determining the optimal retailer order quantities from a manufacturer who makes new products in conjunction with ordering remanufactured products from a remanufacturer using used and unsold products from the previous product generation. Specifically, we determine the optimal order quantity by the retailer for four systems of decision-making: (a) the three firms make their decisions in a coordinated fashion, (b) the retailer acts independently while the manufacturer and remanufacturer coordinate their decisions, (c) the remanufacturer acts independently while the retailer and manufacturer coordinate their decisions, and (d) all three firms act independently. We model the four options described above as centralized or decentralized decision-making systems with th...
Where a company's new product development process is inferior to its manufacturing process, in terms of defect rate and overall effectiveness, a process called New Product Blueprinting can help its managers to close the gap. This process is a means of upgrading the "fuzzy front end" of new-product development. It builds on the Stage-Gate process and forces an "outside-in" perspective by fully engaging customers in a set of discovery and preference interviews. Guesswork is taken out of product design by using tools such as Market Satisfaction Gap, a measure of customer eagerness for each product attribute. The entire four-phase process-market segmentation, customer interviews, competitive benchmarking and new-product planning-allows the product development team to solidify its business c...
Many companies do not learn from their new product mistakes. Consequently, the mistakes are repeated, wasting millions, even billions, of R&D and marketing dollars every year. Product development success would be higher and far less risky if companies would regularly analyze, widely share, and learn from each unsuccessful new venture. The positive effect of formal post-launch reviews on the top and bottom lines is often impressive. Post-launch reviews in companies we studied often improved the new product success ratio from 30 to 50 percent. This article describes the needed culture, process and steps to conduct post-launch reviews from new product failures that closely parallels the methodology teaching hospitals use to learn from their mistakes.
The Commission is noticing a recently-filed Postal Service request to enter into an additional Inbound Competitive Multi-Service Agreements with Foreign Postal Operators 1 agreement. This document invites public comments on the request and addresses several related procedural steps.
The Commission is noticing a recently-filed Postal Service request to enter into an outstanding International Business Reply Service competitive agreement. This document invites public comments on the request and addresses several related procedural steps.
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