... were partially offset by decreases in Japan sales due to weak economic conditions, import rest..., primarily as the result of import restrictions on several key products, strong competition, and c...
Since World War ll, the debate between cultural internationalists and cultural nationalists has shaped international cultural-property law. Recently, some American museums, engaged in their enduring struggle to balance a mission of public education and scholarly study with the increasing risk of acquiring artifacts of disputed provenance, began to promote a middle ground of "cooperation, mutual understanding, and respect" between acquiring museums and source countries that builds upon the goals of the UNESCO Convention on the Means of Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership of Cultural Property. This new approach, defined here as "cultural pragmatism" attempts to bridge the impasse between advocates of the two opposing doctrines that has resulted ...
... proposes that source countries adopt the Japanese government's classification system as a means to t... for private ownership, but blanket restrictions against all private ownership and the resulting pu...
A virulent financial crisis fells three U.S. major investment banks and an insurance giant, takes back $7 trillion in stock and housing wealth in the United States alone, locks up the credit system, pushes tens of thousands of families out of their homes, leaves many others with houses worth less than what they still owe on their mortgages, turns two million U.S. workers out of their jobs, and pushes the U.S., European, and Japanese economies into recession simultaneously for the first time since the Great Depression. Even the World Bank, in its 1993 "East Asian Miracle" report, acknowledged as much for Japan. [...] South Korea and Taiwan, whose most formative growth period was during the 1 960s and 1 970s, faced a world economy with far less capital mobility and engaged that world wi...
... War, the United States imposed tariffs on imports that averaged around 40%, higher than those in all..., import-export linkages, and restrictions on capital flows, including direct foreign investm...
..., the Republic of Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Oman, The Netherlands,...
This study extends the work by Tang (2006) to empirically re-investigate the sustainability of Japan's trade accounts by using disaggregated data - her trading regions and countries. The previous study (Tang, 2006) finds Japan's trade balances are unsustainable via aggregate data. Applying the unit root tests with unknown level shifts, this study finds that Japan's bilateral accounts in three of eleven regions and thirteen of twenty eight countries are sustainable.
... disaggregated trade data (exports and imports) namely bilateral trade data by regions and countr...However, without a priori restrictions on the candidate parameters, cointegration between...
This study examines the experience of the Japanese automotive industry in Europe in the 1980s and attempts to compare the Korean automotive industry since the 1990s in search of strategic implications. The underlying assumption is that local production and transplants of Japanese automotive industry in the 1980s are critically related to the protective posture of the EU in the political economic context of the internal market. Based on this, this study argues that repetitive patterns of transition from trade to transplants is related to the contextual circumstance in Europe and this will provide a conforming case for the theory of off-shore manufacturing and important strategic implications for the Korean firms at their emerging status in European markets.
... set at a rate of 10.3%, quantitative restrictions imposed by various EC member states implied that t...
..., the First Amendment has permitted restrictions on a few historic categories of speech—including...Among these videos were Japan Pit Fights and Pick-A-Winna: A Pit Bull Documentar... value that is “significant and of great import,” App. 132, and the Government defended these in...
We are proposing to amend the regulations that govern the importation of animals and animal products to revise the conditions for the importation of live bovines and products derived from bovines with regard to bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE). We are proposing to base importation conditions on the inherent risk of BSE infectivity in specified commodities, as well as on the BSE risk status of the region from which the commodities originate. We are proposing to establish a system for classifying regions as to BSE risk that is consistent with the system employed by the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), the international standard-setting organization for guidelines related to animal health. The conditions we are proposing for the importation of specified commodities are bas...
... risk and are proposing to remove BSE restrictions on the importation of cervids and camelids and pro... of whole cuts of boneless beef from Japan. On November 28, 2005, APHIS published in the ...
This paper presents a comparative study of economic freedom in five groups of countries: Free, Mostly Free, Islamic, Latin American, and a subset of EU member countries. The study includes 103 countries, and uses data from the 2007 Index of Economic Freedom. The paper tests for the statistical significance of the difference between group means for each of ten measures of economic freedom and for the overall freedom score. The empirical evidence shows that the Islamic countries have significantly less economic freedom than the other groups, and that they are the only group with declining economic freedom in the last 13 years.
...), among others, have underscored the importance of economic freedom in determining the wealth of n...'s borders, wage and price controls, restrictions on financial activities, high tax rates, inflation...The parallel between Japan and the Islamic world is instructive. In the mid-n...
Most of the study of causal relationship of GDP or growth with Trade and Foreign Direct Investment in the context of India rely on cross country comparisons, or simple correlations/regressions disregarding nonstationarity properties. Some papers which consider time series properties depend on VAR or VECM or Johansen-Juselius cointegration technique which is shown to suffer from potential pretest biases, influence of nuisance parameters and asymptotic unreliability. The pitfalls of these techniques especially considering the uncertainty in ascertaining the order of cointegration of the variables in the system have been well documented in the literature and also briefly mentioned in this paper. Therefore, this study employs the more recent and robust ARDL bound testing approach suggested ...
... is an interesting and increasingly important case for the study of relationship among growth, T..., India is fourth after the US, China, and Japan (with PPP GNI $3078.7 billion compared to only 278... FDI, primarily due to government restrictions on foreign involvement in (he economy. But beginni...
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