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The stunning collapse of a number of high-profile financial institutions in recent months has focused attention on the issue of counterparty credit risk. This month's column discusses investment alternatives that are backed by the full faith and credit of the US government. A mortgage pass-through security is; bond backed by a pool of mortgage loans, where the principal and interest payments from the underlying loans are "passed-through" to investors. CMOs are multi-class securities, where the cash flows from the underlying mortgages are directed to the various classes according to a predetermined set of rules. In addition to securities backed by single-family mortgage loans, Government National Mortgage Association guarantees securities backed by FHA mortgages on multi-family developme...
[...] some of the most important financial instruments implicated in the crisis, including mortgage-backed securities and credit default swaps, owed their existence to regulatory anomalies. To take these mortgage loans off the books, Johnson created the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA), which pooled loans insured by FHA- VA into securities and sold them to investors. [...] the government no longer had to issue its own bonds to finance these mortgages, but it continued to guarantee that FHA- VA mortgages would not default.
Nearly five months after suspending its lending programs, the Colorado Housing and Finance Authority has resumed its mortgage lending programs for low- and moderate-income borrowers, this time with a new source of funding. The state-created agency, which receives and uses no tax money, has formed a partnership with the Government National Mortgage Association, also known as Ginnie Mae, to bundle its loans together and sell securities backed by the mortgages. The partnership gives CHFA an alternate way to finance mortgages from its traditional funding source, selling tax-exempt bonds to institutional and individual investors.
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