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On Pei's reading, the strength or weakness of the microfoundations of state-socialist systems provides an important explanation for the divergent patterns of economic transformation in the former socialist countries in the last decade. Janos takes advantage of historical hindsight in bringing into sharper focus similarities and differences among communist regimes in the USSR and Eastern Europe. Mahr and Nagle point out that the political re-emergence of post-communist successor parties in several nations of East-Central Europe raises the theoretical question of their role in the ongoing democratization process. Roper examines whether theories of revolution assist in explaining the Romanian revolution of December, 1989.
Introduction II. Central European Systems III. Romanic Legal Systems IV. Spanish Legal Family V. Scandinavian Countries VI. Common Law VII. Former Socialist Countries VIII. Far Eastern Countries IX. Conclusion
A single spark," Mao wrote, "can start a prairie fire." That spark may have been lit in Cuba. Fidel Castro's announcement that he would not seek the office of head of the Cuban Council of State (the presidency) paved the way for the National Assembly of Cuba to choose his younger brother, Raul, as his replacement. Although Raul has sworn to stick to the socialist path, the new Cuban leader will have to mollify a public that has grown increasingly restless over issues such as stagnant wages, food scarcity and a declining standard of living. Many observers have predicted that a post-Fidel Cuba will follow a cautious, incremental reform strategy rather than a more fast- paced approach-similar to those implemented by Deng Xiaoping, the architect of China's economic liberalization after Mao...
...The economic difficulties in former Soviet and Eastern European countries did not aris...
.... Widespread interest in the cinema of countries behind the Iron Curtain grew rapidly in the 1960's..., and Poland, cinema from across the Socialist Bloc had something of a Golden Age in terms of Wes...Trieste was a former Yugoslav city that only became part of Italy in 19...
The view held by many international economic experts, such as those in the World Bank, that Hungary spends too much on social expenditures is not valid. Such a view is supported by evidence that is not representative of the country and analytical data that is a result of a flawed comparison with sample countries. Hungary's experience as a socialist and a former communist country makes its economic development experience different from capitalist nations.
In the last year, a political earthquake has struck the countries of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Georgia's 2003 Rose Revolution and the ongoing Orange Revolution in Ukraine are a direct challenge to ruling elites in Russia and elsewhere in the former Soviet Union. They also threaten to derail Russian President Vladimir Putin's policy of retaining as much control as possible over the former Soviet empire. Throughout this region, ex-communist rulers allied with oligarchic groups have, to varying degrees, seized control of their countries' economies and political arenas. While claiming to observe the democracy commitments voluntarily accepted when their countries joined the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe in 1992, these leaders have remained in power...
...The former head of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IA... it is morally reprehensible for some countries to pursue weapons of mass destruction, yet morally... Democratic Party, a member of the Socialist International, so clumsily implemented. For despit...
...Unlike other western European countries but similar to other southern European member stat... and most of the remainder arrived from the former socialist countries and from a variety of less dev...
... business is being done in different countries and regions of the world is an almost automatic re... because ten new Member States, most former socialist countries providing even more differing ...
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