Government fiscal officers, practitioners and policy makers constantly deal with uncertainties in revenue and expenditure projections. These uncertainties create difficulties in resource allocation decisions when significant deviations occur. Clearly, certain variables account for these uncertainties and knowing them prior to revenue and expenditure planning may minimize potentials for errors. This study seeks to determine the identities and reliability of these variables through the application of a measurement model to aggregate data under the formulation that certain variables create uncertainties and affect significantly both revenues and expenditures of state and local governments. The results reveal that inflation, population, unemployment rate, time, government bond rate, and rea...
This symposium focuses on the management and policy of state and local government revenue forecasting in the US. Revenue forecasting is important since the revenue estimate drives the budgetary process. If forecasters under estimate or over estimate revenue, this will have an adverse impact on services and programs that state and local governments offer. With most of these governments having balanced budget requirements, there is additional pressure for more accurate estimates. The literature on revenue forecasting in the public sector is sparse. Most of the research is conducted during times of fiscal stress. This may be attributed to the technical nature of the forecast. In this symposium, the argument is made that the forecast is more than merely producing a technical estimate; manag...
...(a) Oversees all financial management activities relating to NRC's programs and operatio...(c) Establishes financial management policy including accounting principles and standards for ...
This article reviews and analyzes the goals and approaches espoused in the George W. Bush administration's proposed Strengthening America's Communities Initiative (SACI). Drawing on a variety of materials describing the rationale, purpose, assumptions, goals, and components of the newest policy approach to community and economic development, this paper tries to critically examine the initiative using a capacity-building framework and some of the historical antecedents of Federal grant programs for community development - including some defunct programs to inform current discussion about the proposal. Two conclusions of this analysis are that this proposal has much more in common with previous administrations' proposals for development over the last several decades than its advocates are...
The Committee on the Future of California's Professional Accountants has issued a report recommending actions to improve the process, published financial statements and the conduct of audits. The report recommended best practices to improve confidence in the process. The company should identify a chief accounting officer with adequate experience and education to perform the function, and the person also should possess some objective evidence of competence through licensure or certification of accounting competence and continuing education in accounting. To maintain their independence, audit committee members should be selected by a body that is independent of management. Public and private companies should employ a competent independent auditor wh...
... available, the company should choose the policy that best reflects the underlying economics of the...
...Communication With Group Management and Those Charged With Governance of the Group/45-...The AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide State and Local Governments provides guidanc... in areas such as trade and fiscal policy, restrictions on currency and dividend movements, ...
Many developing countries have at some point in their quest for health reform considered decentralization as a strategy. A search of Lebanese health policy texts revealed a call for some form of decentralization in the mid eighties through Decree 159. This paper highlights the experience of health centers in Lebanon and discusses the importance of implementing an incremental decentralization of the system by highlighting the importance of ensuring political commitment as well as building the capacity of administrative and clinical staff as prerequisites for the implementation of a fully decentralized system.
... means of three "accountability codes"--financial, managerial and professional--which use different ... within the New Public Financial Management--NPFM. In recent years NPFM literature has focused... medium term planning documents are the Policy lines (9)--PL -, drawn up by the new elected mayor...
... incorrect determination led to serious financial scandals. To understand how any information may in... Commission (SEC) has issued "Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) no. 99, after the chairman of the c... policies, the characteristics of management, the audit committee and the internal control. . A...", Journal of Accounting and Public Policy vol. 22, no. 2: 175-199, 2003 . Francis, J.R., and...
... in the underwriting and trading of financial instruments. The intensity of the competition resuulted in more aggressive portfolio management, lax liquidity risk management, and the emergence ...Thrift institutions failures: Causes and policy issues. Bank Structure and Competition, Conference...Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management, 6, 249-264. . Benston, G....
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