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Eyewitness
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There's an aspect of it being kind of a 'scene,'" [Pascal Spengemann] says of the openings he orchestrates along with his 28-year-old gallery partner, Kelly Taxter. "But it's not built around any kind of exclusivity," he adds. "We want everyone to feel they can come to our shows and be comfortable. There are some big differences, of course, between the Chelsea and Burlington art scenes. "One thing is that the stakes are much higher in New York," Spengemann observes. "But," he quickly adds, "the stakes can be pretty high at the Firehouse, too, if you're an ambitious young artist having a first show." There's nothing mysterious about the gallery's success. The partners' tastes are a lot alike, according to Spengemann, whom [Doreen Kraft] says has "an exceptionally good eye." The slim, b...
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Introduction. I. Deliberative Democracy. A. Defining Terms. B. Justifications. 1. Legitimacy. 2. Public-Spiritedness. 3. Peoplehood. 4. Public Scrutiny and Error Correction. C. Temporal Prerequisites. 1. Sluggishness. 2. Synthesis. 3. Sacredness. II. Law Enforcement and "Internal" Deliberations. A. The Need for Internal Deliberations. B. The Dangers of Internal Deliberation. 1. Deliberation, In Any Serious Way, May Not Happen. 2. Cognitive Dangers of Poorly-Designed Deliberation. III. Systemic Remedies and "External" Deliberation. Conclusion.
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Introduction. II. Legal Rationale and Review. III. Scientific Rationale and Review. A. National Institute of Justice Lineup Protocol. B. The Sequential Method of Lineup Presentation. C. Blind Lineup Administration. IV. Scientific Method. A. Sample. B. Reporting. C. Protocol and Training. V. Quantitative Results: Do the Number and Quality of Identifications Change with the Blind Sequential Procedure? A. Overview and Comparative Data. B. Field Data from Simultaneous Lineups. C. Laboratory Data from Simultaneous and Sequential Lineups. D. Hennepin County Results. 1. Witness Decisions. 2. Witness Performance on Sequential Repetitions ("Laps"). 3. "Jump-out" Identifications. 4. Patterns of Eyewitness Response: Stranger Perpetrator v. Familiar Perpetrator. 5. Confidence and Decision Outcom...
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The U.S. Supreme Court's recent ruling on the reliability of eyewitness identifications left criminal defense attorneys disappointed, but not surprised. In upholding a robbery conviction based on an eyewitness identification, the Court declined to expand a trial judge's ability to screen the reliability of eyewitness evidence beyond cases where the police arranged an identification, such as a line-up or photo array.
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Eyewitness identification evidence is the leading cause of wrongful convictions in the United States. Of the more than 200 people exonerated by way of DNA evidence in the United States, more than 75 percent were convicted wrongfully on the basis of erroneous eyewitness identification evidence. (See The Innocence Project's Web site at www.innocenceproject.org for more on Eyewitness Misidentification.)
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LAST month, Ernest Pagan went on trial in Superior Court for murder and attempted murder in the shooting of two men outside Newt's bar on Whalley Avenue in the early hours of Dec. 24, 2006. The trial highlighted the inherent problems with eyewitness identifications and underscored the need to change the procedure by which identifications are obtained. There was no forensic or physical evidence that tied Pagan to the shooting. The case rested entirely on identifications by three people outside the bar. All confirmed their IDs in tape-recorded statements within days of the shooting. But all subsequently backed away from their IDs and testified police influenced them. The jury concluded the prosecution had not proved beyond a reasonable doubt that Pagan was guilty. The New York-based Innoc...
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Introduction. II. Background. III. General Psychological Support for Experimenter Expectancy Effects. IV. Effects of Investigator Knowledge on Confidence Judgments. V. Effects of Investigator Knowledge on Eyewitness Identification. VI. Conclusions.
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SO: It's sort of the same feeling you get at any of these disasters. You don't have a 500 lb. bag of rice to feed people who are really hungry, or a dump trade to remove cement from a spot where someone might be trapped It's frustrating, but I think I've sort of reconciled in my own head that my job is to bring notice to the world of these people's plight And if I try to get involved in rescuing, too, I'll end up not doing either job very well Although at one point,' I helped out at an orphanage when an overwhelmed doctor pointed out a dehydrated baby that basically had about a couple of hours to five unless she got an IV. At that point, I was wishing that Dr. Sanjay Gupta was with me or somebody who could do it well, because I didn't know how to put an IV in. And I knew that two doors ...
