de jure segregation and de facto segregation

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de jure and de facto segregation

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350 documents for de jure segregation and de facto segregation

- Parents Involved in Community Schools v. Seattle School Dist. No. 1, 551 U.S. (2007)
... had eliminated the vestiges of prior segregation to the greatest extent practicable. In 2001, the d... on race alone but encompassed "all factors that may contribute to student body diversity," i... dissent elides this distinction between de jure and de facto segregation, casually intimates th...
- U.S. Supreme Court
- Missouri v. Jenkins, 515 U.S. 70 (1995)
... the vestiges of state-imposed segregation by improving the "desegregative attractiveness" of...g., Freeman, 503 U. S., at 489. The factors that must inform a court's discretion in ordering ... extent practicable the vestiges of prior de jure segregation within the KCMSD: a systemwide reducti...
- U.S. Supreme Court
- Fourteenth Amendment. Section 1: Privileges and immunities of citizenchip, due process and equal protection
... a maze of conflicting formulas and factors for valuing public service corporation property in... have a right to be free of racial segregation in prisons, except for the necessities of prison s... segregative school board actions" is de jure and not de facto , just as if it had been mandat...
- Constitution of the United States (Annotated)

- Keyes v. School Dist. No. 1, Denver, 413 U.S. 189 (1973)
..., holding that the deliberate racial segregation of the Park Hill schools did not prove a like segr... and requiring petitioners to prove de jure segregation for each area that they sought to have...It is more like de facto segregation, with respect to which the rule is tha...
- U.S. Supreme Court
- The Asne and Desegregation: Maintaining the White Prerogative in the Face of Change
During the 1950s, the American Society of Newspaper Editors became the site of an ideological struggle between the racial status quo and the new social order envisioned by the Supreme Court's ruling in Brown v. Board of Education. This article examines the all-white ASNE in the years after Brown as the racial exclusivity of the organization and the profession it represented were both questioned and reaffirmed. Using a variety of primary source documents, including ASNE publications, convention transcripts, and members' archival materials, this project isolates the ways in which the white prerogative reasserted itself through the exclusivity of the ASNE membership structure, the usage of regional history and identity by editors from the South, and the manipulation of the journalistic ide...

... a range of opinions, from segregationist ranting to a tentative questioning of the all-whit... lynching a federal crime while continuing de jure segregation in the South. To make his case, he obs... ASNE and its member newspapers practiced de facto segregation by not hiring journalists who worked f...
- Journalism History
- Vol. 34 Nbr. 3, October 2008
- Jim Crow Ethics and the Defense of the Jena Six
This Article is the second in a three-part series on the 2006 prosecution and defense of the Jena Six in LaSalle Parish, Louisiana. The series, in turn, is part of a larger, ongoing project investigating the role of race, lawyers, and ethics in the American criminal-justice system. The purpose of the project is to understand the race-based, identity-making norms and practices of prosecutors and defenders in order to craft alternative civil-rights and criminal-justice strategies in cases of racially-motivated violence. To that end, this Article revisits the prosecution and defense of the Jena Six in the hope of uncovering the professional norms of practice under de jure and de facto conditions of racial segregation, a set of norms I call Jim Crow legal ethics. Jim Crow ethical norms cond...
- Iowa Law Review
- Nbr. 94-5, July 2009
- Washington v. Davis, 426 U.S. 229 (1976)
...The District Court relied on several factors. Since August 1969, 44% of new police force recrui...The essential element of de jure segregation is "a current condition of segregation...
- U.S. Supreme Court
- Charles Lomack; Harold J. Bane, Jr.; Ramon Dominguez; James P. Willis; Kevin L. Johnson; Paul T. Mazza; Kenneth Reeds; Gary Holman; Luther Roberson, Iii; Gerrell Elliott; Clarence R. Bruton; James Giles; Dean Gatti; Peter J. Cooney; John P. Melani; Gregory Highsmith; Juan H. Ramos; Dayon Cobbs; Deblin Rodriguez; Ramon Rivera; Charles H. West; Scott Wolf; Wilfredo Rivera; Karreem Jackson; John Brown; Wyndell Cooper; Shannon Mctighe; Ashton Robinson; Mark Piserchio; Chris Demuro; Newark Firefighters Union; Eric Barnes; Edward Griffith; Lewis Manning; Frank Zidziunas, Newark Firefighters Officers Union, International Association of Fire Fighters, Afl-Cio, Clc, Local 1860, Appellants v. City of Newark; Sharpe James; Edward Dunham; Lowell F. Jones; Norman J. Esparolini., 463 F.3d 303 (3rd Cir. 2006)
... has a compelling interest in eliminating de facto segregation in the Fire Department. Second, it con...) ("`The differentiating factor between de jure segregation and so-called de facto segregation . ....
- Federal Circuits
- Board of Ed. of City School Dist. of New York v. Harris, 444 U.S. 130 (1979)
... to the elimination of minority group segregation and discrimination among students and faculty in e... defeat the stated objective of ending de facto as well as de jure segregation. Pp. 140-150. 2. A...
- U.S. Supreme Court
- The Intergration Myth: America's Failure To Produce Equal Educational Outcomes
... court cases, school tracking, and re-segregation of public schools by using African- American high ...This suggests that curing de jure or ostensibly state- sanctioned segregation does n.... . . Birds Of A Feather: De Jure And De Facto Discrimination. . . . The Brown ruling was in...
- The Modern American
- Nbr. II-2, September 2006