Consumer complaining behavior in the US and other countries has been studied extensively over the years. Complaint behavior takes many forms: requests for refunds or exchanges, negative word-of-mouth, exit (or reduced repatronage), sabotage, and more recently Web site postings. When studied from an international context, differences in complaining behavior are typically explained in terms of underlying cultural values or norms; such as individualism vs. collectivism (Watkins and Liu 1996), uncertainty avoidance (Hernandez, Strahle, Garcia, and Sorensen 1991), or Confucian dynamism (Le Claire 1993), etc. These studies have indicated that collectivist cultures tend to discourage complaining behavior, that individuals who are high in uncertainty avoidance are less likely to seek redress or...
... investigated referred to: individualism vs. collectivism (Arnold et al., 1999, Chan et al....
... Economies, National Culture, Collectivism . INTRODUCTION . A number of social analysts have ... empirically in the IBM data, the individualism/ collectivism dimension is the most closely linked...
...Individualism vs. collectivism—the degree to which people in a...
... American values such as liberty and individualism and personal achievement. At the same time, she wa... testament to the deadly effect that collectivism has on both the human spirit and material well bei...
... application of the Hofstede values (collectivism vs. individualism, high vs. low uncertainty avoida...
.... Tiessen, J.H. (1997). Individualism, collectivism, and entrepreneurship: A framework f...
Political scientist, Samuel Huntington (1993) posited that future global politics and conflicts would center on clashes between civilizations. Indeed, his prophetic words were realized in 2001 when individuals from a radical Islamic movement were willing to kill themselves and thousands of other innocent people in just such a clash of cultures and ideologies. It is essential that the US military adapt and accommodate interactions with other cultures and societies. When the US Joint Chiefs of Staff and other high ranking general officers search for SMART forms of power to use, it is important to place culture within a cognitive framework; for it is in the human mind that cultural synergies and conflicts arise. Finally, those who become totally immersed in another culture run the risk of ...
... appreciative attitude toward rugged individualism, whereas in Japan an attitude of collectivism prev...
...Individualism versus Communitarianism (Hampden-Tuner and Trompennaars, 1997) or Collectivism (Hofstede, 1991) dimension describes the degree to...
That can be difficult at times. "It's a little like asking a fish about water," he says. "The fish says, What water?' It doesn't see the water because it swims in it. Culture is like that: Because we're all so totally immersed in it, we don't see it.
..., such as uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs. collectivism and participative vs. hierarchica...
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