The conventional wisdom, and much of the citizen participation literature in public administration, works from a presumption that the stability of the social bond will come about as a result of more and better participation. However, under the conditions of late modernism including incommensurable language games, participation, even in the form of robust discourse, is insufficient for generating the social bond. In such conditions, some form of the social bond must exist prior to and in order for discursive participation to occur in the first place. Again, in the conditions of late modernism, the mechanical solidarity described by Emile Durkheim, or a social bond based in shared culture, religion and values no longer exists. In such conditions, some other basis to form the social bond m...
Under the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) regulations, imported merchandise may be transported in-bond. This process allows imported merchandise to be entered at one U.S. port of entry without appraisement or payment of duties and transported by a bonded carrier to another U.S. port of entry provided all statutory and regulatory conditions are met. At the destination port, the merchandise is officially entered into the commerce of the United States and duties paid, or, the merchandise is exported. CBP is proposing various changes to the in-bond regulations to enhance CBP's ability to regulate and track in-bond merchandise and to ensure that the in-bond merchandise is properly entered and duties are paid or that the in-bond merchandise is exported. Among other things, the propos...
In Oregon, all contractors must be licensed with the Construction Contractors Board. As part of the licensing requirement, a contractor must post a surety bond with the CCB. If a subcontractor or material supplier (collectively, the "claimant") is not paid by the contractor, then the claimant may file a claim against the contractor's bond with the CCB. While the CCB process is generally user friendly, historically there were several "downsides" to asserting a CCB claim; most involved the limited remedy available to the claimant. First, for a residential project, a homeowner's claim against the contractor's bond had first priority and reached the entire the amount of the bond. Second, for commercial and residential projects, a claimant's recovery was limited to a maximum of $3,000.
The paper estimates conditional pricing models for 11 international government bonds and shows that, while local instruments capture the change in the bonds' risks, global instruments model the variation in the factor risk premia. Altogether the changes in the factor risk premium capture 78.25% of the bonds' predictability, while the dynamics in the betas account for less than 1%. One cannot conclude however that the conditional models are well-specified as parameter instability and relatively large mean squared errors were uncovered. These results extend for the first time some of the evidence from the equity market of Ferson and Harvey (1993), Harvey (1995) and Ghysels (1998) to the bond market.
Mientras, en 'Desde Rusia con amor', [James Bond] echaba mano de un Bentley Sports Tourer, coche que también aparecía en la antigua 'Casino Royal' y 'Nunca digas nunca jamás', donde Bond también se subía a una motocicleta Yamaha XJ 650 Turbo. Por su parte, en 'Sólo se vive dos veces' no era James Bond quien conducía, pero eso no quita para que un espectacular Toyota 2000 GT pilotado por la chica Bond fuese su compañero de aventuras. El agente secreto más famoso de la historia ha utilizado numerosos vehículos en sus películas. Con ello, quizá el más recordado de todos sea el Aston Martin DB5 que aparece en 'Goldfinger'. La marca inglesa también sería la encargada de fabricar los modelos que el agente secreto conduciría en 'Operación Trueno', donde mantiene el DB5 clásico; en '007 al serv...
In this study we confirm earlier theoretical research findings that differences in the rating scale are responsible for split ratings. We also document that rating scale differences are not the sole explanation for split ratings. The methodology, in measuring the magnitude and documenting of the problem, is new. We first develop an illustrative example by creating two different hypothetical grading scales across two universities and find the patterns in student grades at the two universities. We then compare these results with bond ratings to find if similar patterns exist. The prior empirical research on bond ratings provides strong validation to our analysis. We show that about one-third of the bond split ratings are due to the differences in ratings scales, while the remaining two-th...
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