... changes in viability: death, disease, behavioral abnormalities, cancer, genetic mutations, physiolo...(B) Avoidance. Injury has occurred when a statistically signific...
In an environment when we have to cut funding to schools, hospitals, nursing homes, and social services, no area of state spending, including parks and historic sites, could be exempt from reductions," said Paterson. "We cannot mortgage our state's financial future through further gimmicks or avoidance behavior. Spending cuts, however difficult, are needed in order to put New York on the road to fiscal recovery. "If they follow through with this, it would have a devastating effect on the children," said Elizabeth Brett of New Yorkers to Save Riverbank. "It is not just a park, it's a community. It's a great opportunity for people of all communities in New York to get together." "I come four or five days a week to this park," said Jacqueline Iszard, who is retired. "I do water aerobics ...
Using a graphical approach, we characterize explicitly variations in optimizing behavior from risk avoidance (e.g., insurance buying) to risk taking (e.g., "gambling") in terms of risk preferences, market insurance terms, and exogenous changes in endowed incomes. An individual who is a "risk avoider" at one income position may become a "risk taker" at another income position. Moreover, both low- and high-income risk-averse individuals may engage in risk-taking activities at the same time. These results imply that predictions about attitude towards risk cannot be made independently of income positions or economic opportunities.
This paper suggests that motives for engaging in affiliative-promotive "helping" extra-role behavior is related to cross-cultural differences. The cultural dimensions of in-group collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, performance orientation, and humane orientation, and their differential effect on helping extra-role behavior in a diverse workforce are examined. Theoretical implications provide guidance for future empirical research in this area, and provide managers with more realistic expectations of employee performance in the workplace.
This article examines the relationship of coping and problem drinking to men's abusive behavior towards female partners. While previous research has demonstrated a consistent association between problem drinking and male abuse of intimate partners, virtually no studies have assessed the role of coping in relation to men's violence. Furthermore, multivariate studies have not examined how these factors operate together to increase risk for abusive behavior. An ethnically diverse sample of 147 men in a court-mandated program for domestic violence offenders completed questionnaires at the first session. Path modeling was conducted to test the extent to which coping and problem drinking predicted both physical and psychological abuse. In addition, the relationships of problem drinking and ph...
... and psychological abuse, such as avoidance and problem-solving coping, or problem drinking (G...
How do individuals with strong grudgeholding and avoidance attitudes react to counterattitudinal information that is factual and objective and comes from credible sources? Using the elaboration likelihood model, social judgment theory and the characterization-correction model (Ahluwalia 2000), this article discusses the rationale and proposes a framework behind a change in grudgeholding and avoidance attitudes of individuals. The reduction in grudgeholding and avoidance attitudes of individuals over time, when individuals are exposed to factual and objective counterattitudinal information from credible sources, is modeled as a finite markov chain.
Inter-organizational teams are an increasingly common organizational form for responding to crisis situations. The effectiveness of these forms is dependent on the composition and experience of the team, their interpretation of the situation at hand, and their ability to formulate a timely response. However, competing demands from the team member's organizational affiliation and the specific needs of the crisis both influence response decision-making priorities and choices. Despite the timely importance of effective strategic decision making for crisis response, this area of research remains underexplored in the management literature. To examine how some of the extant literature on strategic decision making may improve crisis response effectiveness, this study examines the behavior of g...
... responses, consistent with uncertainty avoidance, but that these effects decrease over time. BACKGR...
Consumer complaining behavior in the US and other countries has been studied extensively over the years. Complaint behavior takes many forms: requests for refunds or exchanges, negative word-of-mouth, exit (or reduced repatronage), sabotage, and more recently Web site postings. When studied from an international context, differences in complaining behavior are typically explained in terms of underlying cultural values or norms; such as individualism vs. collectivism (Watkins and Liu 1996), uncertainty avoidance (Hernandez, Strahle, Garcia, and Sorensen 1991), or Confucian dynamism (Le Claire 1993), etc. These studies have indicated that collectivist cultures tend to discourage complaining behavior, that individuals who are high in uncertainty avoidance are less likely to seek redress or...
NMFS has received a request from the U.S. Navy (Navy) for authorization to take marine mammals, by harassment, incidental to conducting operations of Surveillance Towed Array Sensor System (SURTASS) Low Frequency Active (LFA) sonar in areas of the world's oceans (with the exception of Arctic and Antarctic waters and certain geographic restrictions), from August 16, 2012, through August 15, 2017. Pursuant to the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), NMFS is proposing regulations to govern that take and requests information, suggestions, and comments on these proposed regulations.
... wild by causing disruption of natural behavior patterns, including, but not limited to, migration... temporary alert responses to active avoidance reactions such as vacating an area at least until ...
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