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This article suggests that statutes governing both corporations and limited liability companies should require all owners to read several warnings about the dangers of a lack of advance planning before starting a business, or before purchasing an equity interest in an existing closely held business. Part I of this article reviews the current landscape of available business forms and details the many ways in which the majority owners of a business can take advantage of the minority owners. Part I also reviews the many ways in which the minority owner could have protected himself -- if he had the foresight to do so. Part II then reviews the main statutory and judicial responses to the problem of minority owner oppression and discusses their inadequacy. After discussing some other suggesti...
... only need help in selecting an organizational form ("We've heard that LLCs are popular"), drafti... the lawyer to draft a "standard" set of articles of incorpora- tion4 and bylaws5 (in the case of a ..., either as freely available standard "template" agreements or - as we gather more information abo...
The Commodity Futures Trading Commission (Commission) is adopting final regulations to implement certain provisions of Title VII and Title VIII of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) governing derivatives clearing organization (DCO) activities. More specifically, the regulations establish the regulatory standards for compliance with DCO Core Principles A (Compliance), B (Financial Resources), C (Participant and Product Eligibility), D (Risk Management), E (Settlement Procedures), F (Treatment of Funds), G (Default Rules and Procedures), H (Rule Enforcement), I (System Safeguards), J (Reporting), K (Recordkeeping), L (Public Information), M (Information Sharing), N (Antitrust Considerations), and R (Legal Risk) set forth in Section 5b of the Com...
... terms and conditions (as defined by templates established under DCO rules) submitted to the DCO ... transferee, including but not limited to articles of incorporation and bylaws;. (v) The transfer...
...-in requirement, a "common disclosure template," becomes effective on and after January 1, 2018. ... 1, 2018, will capture banking organizations' capital positions after the end of the transition...
The balanced scorecard is a strategic performance measurement system developed by Robert S. Kaplan and David P. Norton to help organizations achieve breakthrough results by embedding strategy at the heart of the organization. Developed 12 years ago, the concept was significantly different from any existing performance measurement system and generated considerable excitement. A variety of applications and variations of the balanced scorecard have emerged since its inception. It was received and used so enthusiastically and effectively that the Harvard Business Review labeled it in 1997 as one of the 75 most influential ideas of the 20th Century. Early on, a navigation metaphor was used to illustrate the need for additional performance measures. Over time, the navigation metaphor expanded...
... Kaplan and Norton's next three HBR articles and their first book. They revised and improved th... that the balanced scorecard "is not a template that can be applied to businesses in general or ev...
...Individuals and organizations vary considerably in their funding and training; b... is more fully explored in other articles in this issue, including Marra et al.'s* treatment...) may not serve as an effective model or template for protecting other taxa, such as bats and turtle...
... company, or professional employer organization) is also required to provide a Section 2810.5 noti...
As blogs have become increasingly popular, newspapers have attempted to adapt by incorporating the casual, amateur-appearing blogs into their online products.5 In 2007, the Gannett Company announced it planned to redesign operations at its 90 American newspapers in order to involve readers in newsgathering and use more reader-created citizen journalism in their online newspapers.6 Many both within and outside the newspaper industry have raised questions about the credibility of journalistic products created by non-professionals. [...] the study used students in communications classes, many of whom may be inclined to be more knowledgeable about the issues being studied than would students in classes in a variety of subjects.
...-created content by traditional news organizations and user-created content. 9. This study reports th... credibility and quality of the opinion articles, as well as their perceived effect. Answers to mos... Press story was inserted into the template used for the Web pages of a 38,000 circulation dai...
Although the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (SOX) received nearly unanimous congressional support, only a few years thereafter its wisdom was increasingly questioned and its supporters had to stave off attempts to recraft the legislation. The financial crisis of 2008 has sidelined efforts to alter the legislation's most costly provision, as Congress's attention has turned to overhauling the regulatory regime for financial institutions. There is, nonetheless, much to be learned about financial regulation and SOX's future, from an in-depth examination of the interplay of the government and private commissions created with an eye to revising the legislation, media coverage of those entities, and congressional responses. That interaction provides a map of political fault lines and assi...
... to revise legislation, given the organization of U.S. politics: there are multiple veto points t... that provides a suggestive and helpful template for evaluating SOX's prospects: Congress's imposit... newspaper readers can select which articles to read, giving newspapers the advantage of being ...
... on human health; the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that indoor air pollution is the e... black carbon or can be referenced as a template from which future agreements may be drawn. . 2. UN...://www.climate changeinsights.com/2008/10/articles/air-water/ black-carbon-steps-from-the-shadows-as-...
Waiver research - II. Reducing racial and ethnic disparities at the front end of the juvenile justice system - III. Developing data-driven policies on waiver, race, and ethnicity
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