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3.689 documents for accession countries
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LONDON, May 1, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- RIPA International has extensive experience in designing and delivering international capacity building programmes and now offers EU candidate countries and potential candidate countries the opportunity to demonstrate conviction and adjust to strict European standards.
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The new members of the European Union (EC8) in 2004 could not have imagined the possibility of joining the EU thirty years ago. The next goal of the EC8 is to achieve European Monetary Union (EMU) convergence in the foreseeable future. This paper looks at the progress achieved by the EC8 to accede to the European Union (EU) and the reforms, strategies and convergence goals necessary to achieve EMU membership. Using synthetic taxonomic analysis, this paper looks at which transition countries are on track to achieve EMU convergence now that EU membership is attained, and for other accession countries. Our empirical study finds that most of the EC8 countries are on track to achieve EMU membership but post-facto membership does not guarantee the maintenance of market restructuring.
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After a brief period of slow growth during the Asian financial crisis and the global economic downturn, public-private partnerships arc now reemerging as a major vehicle for business expansion in both developed and developing countries. In the United States, private-public partnerships (PPPs) will multiply as government revenues improve but budget restraints still apply. In Europe, tight government budgets and European Union grants for infrastructure projects in accession countries have spurred new interest in PPPs. According to a report by the London-based International Project Finance Association, the EU offered grants totaling $25.5 billion to the 10 accession countries in 2003 to meet EU requirements for infrastructure development. In the developing nations, public-private partnersh...
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The Court's audit has identified errors in amounts registered in the accounting system as invoices/cost statements and pre-financing which have the effect of overstating the accounts payable by some 201 million euros and the total amount of long and short term pre-financing by some 656 million euros.1 The causes for this failure were in no small part due to weaknesses in the accounting systems of certain institutions and Directorates-General of the Commission, whose cumulative effect was to jeopardise spending, especially on salaries, benefits and cut-off times for projects.2 A number of early payments were quite simply recorded for the wrong amount.3 Reading between the lines, it appears that this was spotted but swept under the carpet, not least in the Commission's assessment of who o...
... of past reports have been learnt in the accession countries either; as the report states, "significa...
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According to climate scientists, averting the worst consequences of climate change requires that the increase in global temperature should be limited to 2 degrees C (or 3.6 degrees F). To achieve that objective, global emissions of green house gases (GHG) -- the main human cause of global warming -- must be reduced to 50% of 1990 levels by 2050. The key to successful climate change abatement at those scales lies in leveraging the collective actions of developed and developing countries. Cumulatively, developed countries have been responsible for most human emissions of GHGs. Currently, the most important and visible link between developed and developing countries' efforts on climate change is the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). CDM has led to a significant overpayment by developed co...
... a new framework, called the Climate accession deals (CADs), for incentivizing developing countri...
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The understanding is designed to preserve U.S. bilateral investment treaties (BITs) with each of these countries after their accession to the EU by establishing a framework acceptable to the European Commission for avoiding or remedying present and possible future incompatibilities between their BIT obligations and their future obligations of EU membership. It expresses the U.S. intent to amend the U.S.
